We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2009 to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors for highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) [HPAI H5N1] virus antibodies among poultry workers at farms and Console Down live bird markets with confirmed/suspected poultry outbreaks during 2009 in Bangladesh.We tested sera by microneutralization assay u
This article disentangles the complex relationship between depoliticisation and anti-politics in public-private partnership (PPP) policies and practices.By identifying three social mechanisms that underlie dynamics of depoliticisation in PPPs, namely consultocracy, yield bias, and complex contracting, it contrib-utes to the growing Oven Door Hinge
Simulation refers to the artificial representation of a complex real-world process with sufficient Cushion fidelity to achieve a particular objective, usually for the purposes of training or performance testing.While simulation has been important from early times (as in the rehearsal of animal hunting activities or preparing for warfare), the needs
This paper presents a numerical approach to solve the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation, which arises in nonlinear optimal control.In this approach, we first use the successive approximation to reduce the HJB equation, a nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE), to a sequence of linear PDEs called a generalized-Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (GH
We exhibit assertion-preserving (reachability preserving) transformations from parameterized concurrent shared-memory programs, under a k-round scheduling of processes, to sequential programs.The salient feature of the sequential program is that it tracks the local variables of only one strict thread at any point, and uses only O(k) copies of share